初始化环境文件

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+# path-expression-matcher
+
+Efficient path tracking and pattern matching for XML, JSON, YAML or any other parsers.
+
+## 🎯 Purpose
+
+`path-expression-matcher` provides two core classes for tracking and matching paths:
+
+- **`Expression`**: Parses and stores pattern expressions (e.g., `"root.users.user[id]"`)
+- **`Matcher`**: Tracks current path during parsing and matches against expressions
+
+Compatible with [fast-xml-parser](https://github.com/NaturalIntelligence/fast-xml-parser) and similar tools.
+
+## 📦 Installation
+
+```bash
+npm install path-expression-matcher
+```
+
+## 🚀 Quick Start
+
+```javascript
+import { Expression, Matcher } from 'path-expression-matcher';
+
+// Create expression (parse once, reuse many times)
+const expr = new Expression("root.users.user");
+
+// Create matcher (tracks current path)
+const matcher = new Matcher();
+
+matcher.push("root");
+matcher.push("users");
+matcher.push("user", { id: "123" });
+
+// Match current path against expression
+if (matcher.matches(expr)) {
+  console.log("Match found!");
+  console.log("Current path:", matcher.toString()); // "root.users.user"
+}
+
+// Namespace support
+const nsExpr = new Expression("soap::Envelope.soap::Body..ns::UserId");
+matcher.push("Envelope", null, "soap");
+matcher.push("Body", null, "soap");
+matcher.push("UserId", null, "ns");
+console.log(matcher.toString()); // "soap:Envelope.soap:Body.ns:UserId"
+```
+
+## 📖 Pattern Syntax
+
+### Basic Paths
+
+```javascript
+"root.users.user"           // Exact path match
+"*.users.user"              // Wildcard: any parent
+"root.*.user"               // Wildcard: any middle
+"root.users.*"              // Wildcard: any child
+```
+
+### Deep Wildcard
+
+```javascript
+"..user"                    // user anywhere in tree
+"root..user"                // user anywhere under root
+"..users..user"             // users somewhere, then user below it
+```
+
+### Attribute Matching
+
+```javascript
+"user[id]"                  // user with "id" attribute
+"user[type=admin]"          // user with type="admin" (current node only)
+"root[lang]..user"          // user under root that has "lang" attribute
+```
+
+### Position Selectors
+
+```javascript
+"user:first"                // First user (counter=0)
+"user:nth(2)"               // Third user (counter=2, zero-based)
+"user:odd"                  // Odd-numbered users (counter=1,3,5...)
+"user:even"                 // Even-numbered users (counter=0,2,4...)
+"root.users.user:first"     // First user under users
+```
+
+**Note:** Position selectors use the **counter** (occurrence count of the tag name), not the position (child index). For example, in `<root><a/><b/><a/></root>`, the second `<a/>` has position=2 but counter=1.
+
+### Namespaces
+
+```javascript
+"ns::user"                  // user with namespace "ns"
+"soap::Envelope"            // Envelope with namespace "soap"
+"ns::user[id]"              // user with namespace "ns" and "id" attribute
+"ns::user:first"            // First user with namespace "ns"
+"*::user"                   // user with any namespace
+"..ns::item"                // item with namespace "ns" anywhere in tree
+"soap::Envelope.soap::Body" // Nested namespaced elements
+"ns::first"                 // Tag named "first" with namespace "ns" (NO ambiguity!)
+```
+
+**Namespace syntax:**
+- Use **double colon (::)** for namespace: `ns::tag`
+- Use **single colon (:)** for position: `tag:first`
+- Combined: `ns::tag:first` (namespace + tag + position)
+
+**Namespace matching rules:**
+- Pattern `ns::user` matches only nodes with namespace "ns" and tag "user"
+- Pattern `user` (no namespace) matches nodes with tag "user" regardless of namespace
+- Pattern `*::user` matches tag "user" with any namespace (wildcard namespace)
+- Namespaces are tracked separately for counter/position (e.g., `ns1::item` and `ns2::item` have independent counters)
+
+### Wildcard Differences
+
+**Single wildcard (`*`)** - Matches exactly ONE level:
+- `"*.fix1"` matches `root.fix1` (2 levels) ✅
+- `"*.fix1"` does NOT match `root.another.fix1` (3 levels) ❌
+- Path depth MUST equal pattern depth
+
+**Deep wildcard (`..`)** - Matches ZERO or MORE levels:
+- `"..fix1"` matches `root.fix1` ✅
+- `"..fix1"` matches `root.another.fix1` ✅
+- `"..fix1"` matches `a.b.c.d.fix1` ✅
+- Works at any depth
+
+### Combined Patterns
+
+```javascript
+"..user[id]:first"              // First user with id, anywhere
+"root..user[type=admin]"        // Admin user under root
+"ns::user[id]:first"            // First namespaced user with id
+"soap::Envelope..ns::UserId"    // UserId with namespace ns under SOAP envelope
+```
+
+## 🔧 API Reference
+
+### Expression
+
+#### Constructor
+
+```javascript
+new Expression(pattern, options)
+```
+
+**Parameters:**
+- `pattern` (string): Pattern to parse
+- `options.separator` (string): Path separator (default: `'.'`)
+
+**Example:**
+```javascript
+const expr1 = new Expression("root.users.user");
+const expr2 = new Expression("root/users/user", { separator: '/' });
+```
+
+#### Methods
+
+- `hasDeepWildcard()` → boolean
+- `hasAttributeCondition()` → boolean
+- `hasPositionSelector()` → boolean
+- `toString()` → string
+
+### Matcher
+
+#### Constructor
+
+```javascript
+new Matcher(options)
+```
+
+**Parameters:**
+- `options.separator` (string): Default path separator (default: `'.'`)
+
+#### Path Tracking Methods
+
+##### `push(tagName, attrValues, namespace)`
+
+Add a tag to the current path. Position and counter are automatically calculated.
+
+**Parameters:**
+- `tagName` (string): Tag name
+- `attrValues` (object, optional): Attribute key-value pairs (current node only)
+- `namespace` (string, optional): Namespace for the tag
+
+**Example:**
+```javascript
+matcher.push("user", { id: "123", type: "admin" });
+matcher.push("item");  // No attributes
+matcher.push("Envelope", null, "soap");  // With namespace
+matcher.push("Body", { version: "1.1" }, "soap");  // With both
+```
+
+**Position vs Counter:**
+- **Position**: The child index in the parent (0, 1, 2, 3...)
+- **Counter**: How many times this tag name appeared at this level (0, 1, 2...)
+
+Example:
+```xml
+<root>
+  <a/>      <!-- position=0, counter=0 -->
+  <b/>      <!-- position=1, counter=0 -->
+  <a/>      <!-- position=2, counter=1 -->
+</root>
+```
+
+##### `pop()`
+
+Remove the last tag from the path.
+
+```javascript
+matcher.pop();
+```
+
+##### `updateCurrent(attrValues)`
+
+Update current node's attributes (useful when attributes are parsed after push).
+
+```javascript
+matcher.push("user");  // Don't know values yet
+// ... parse attributes ...
+matcher.updateCurrent({ id: "123" });
+```
+
+##### `reset()`
+
+Clear the entire path.
+
+```javascript
+matcher.reset();
+```
+
+#### Query Methods
+
+##### `matches(expression)`
+
+Check if current path matches an Expression.
+
+```javascript
+const expr = new Expression("root.users.user");
+if (matcher.matches(expr)) {
+  // Current path matches
+}
+```
+
+##### `getCurrentTag()`
+
+Get current tag name.
+
+```javascript
+const tag = matcher.getCurrentTag(); // "user"
+```
+
+##### `getCurrentNamespace()`
+
+Get current namespace.
+
+```javascript
+const ns = matcher.getCurrentNamespace(); // "soap" or undefined
+```
+
+##### `getAttrValue(attrName)`
+
+Get attribute value of current node.
+
+```javascript
+const id = matcher.getAttrValue("id"); // "123"
+```
+
+##### `hasAttr(attrName)`
+
+Check if current node has an attribute.
+
+```javascript
+if (matcher.hasAttr("id")) {
+  // Current node has "id" attribute
+}
+```
+
+##### `getPosition()`
+
+Get sibling position of current node (child index in parent).
+
+```javascript
+const position = matcher.getPosition(); // 0, 1, 2, ...
+```
+
+##### `getCounter()`
+
+Get repeat counter of current node (occurrence count of this tag name).
+
+```javascript
+const counter = matcher.getCounter(); // 0, 1, 2, ...
+```
+
+##### `getIndex()` (deprecated)
+
+Alias for `getPosition()`. Use `getPosition()` or `getCounter()` instead for clarity.
+
+```javascript
+const index = matcher.getIndex(); // Same as getPosition()
+```
+
+##### `getDepth()`
+
+Get current path depth.
+
+```javascript
+const depth = matcher.getDepth(); // 3 for "root.users.user"
+```
+
+##### `toString(separator?, includeNamespace?)`
+
+Get path as string.
+
+**Parameters:**
+- `separator` (string, optional): Path separator (uses default if not provided)
+- `includeNamespace` (boolean, optional): Whether to include namespaces (default: true)
+
+```javascript
+const path = matcher.toString();           // "root.ns:user.item"
+const path2 = matcher.toString('/');       // "root/ns:user/item"
+const path3 = matcher.toString('.', false); // "root.user.item" (no namespaces)
+```
+
+##### `toArray()`
+
+Get path as array.
+
+```javascript
+const arr = matcher.toArray(); // ["root", "users", "user"]
+```
+
+#### State Management
+
+##### `snapshot()`
+
+Create a snapshot of current state.
+
+```javascript
+const snapshot = matcher.snapshot();
+```
+
+##### `restore(snapshot)`
+
+Restore from a snapshot.
+
+```javascript
+matcher.restore(snapshot);
+```
+
+#### Read-Only Access
+
+##### `readOnly()`
+
+Returns a **live, read-only proxy** of the matcher. All query and inspection methods work normally, but any attempt to call a state-mutating method (`push`, `pop`, `reset`, `updateCurrent`, `restore`) or to write/delete a property throws a `TypeError`.
+
+This is the recommended way to share the matcher with external consumers — plugins, callbacks, event handlers — that only need to inspect the current path without being able to corrupt parser state.
+
+```javascript
+const ro = matcher.readOnly();
+```
+
+**What works on the read-only view:**
+
+```javascript
+ro.matches(expr)          // ✓ pattern matching
+ro.getCurrentTag()        // ✓ current tag name
+ro.getCurrentNamespace()  // ✓ current namespace
+ro.getAttrValue("id")     // ✓ attribute value
+ro.hasAttr("id")          // ✓ attribute presence check
+ro.getPosition()          // ✓ sibling position
+ro.getCounter()           // ✓ occurrence counter
+ro.getDepth()             // ✓ path depth
+ro.toString()             // ✓ path as string
+ro.toArray()              // ✓ path as array
+ro.snapshot()             // ✓ snapshot (can be used to restore the real matcher)
+```
+
+**What throws a `TypeError`:**
+
+```javascript
+ro.push("child", {})      // ✗ TypeError: Cannot call 'push' on a read-only Matcher
+ro.pop()                  // ✗ TypeError: Cannot call 'pop' on a read-only Matcher
+ro.reset()                // ✗ TypeError: Cannot call 'reset' on a read-only Matcher
+ro.updateCurrent({})      // ✗ TypeError: Cannot call 'updateCurrent' on a read-only Matcher
+ro.restore(snapshot)      // ✗ TypeError: Cannot call 'restore' on a read-only Matcher
+ro.separator = '/'        // ✗ TypeError: Cannot set property on a read-only Matcher
+```
+
+**Important:** The read-only view is **live** — it always reflects the current state of the underlying matcher. If you need a frozen-in-time copy instead, use `snapshot()`.
+
+```javascript
+const matcher = new Matcher();
+const ro = matcher.readOnly();
+
+matcher.push("root");
+ro.getDepth();    // 1 — immediately reflects the push
+matcher.push("users");
+ro.getDepth();    // 2 — still live
+```
+
+## 💡 Usage Examples
+
+### Example 1: XML Parser with stopNodes
+
+```javascript
+import { XMLParser } from 'fast-xml-parser';
+import { Expression, Matcher } from 'path-expression-matcher';
+
+class MyParser {
+  constructor() {
+    this.matcher = new Matcher();
+    
+    // Pre-compile stop node patterns
+    this.stopNodeExpressions = [
+      new Expression("html.body.script"),
+      new Expression("html.body.style"),
+      new Expression("..svg"),
+    ];
+  }
+  
+  parseTag(tagName, attrs) {
+    this.matcher.push(tagName, attrs);
+    
+    // Check if this is a stop node
+    for (const expr of this.stopNodeExpressions) {
+      if (this.matcher.matches(expr)) {
+        // Don't parse children, read as raw text
+        return this.readRawContent();
+      }
+    }
+    
+    // Continue normal parsing
+    this.parseChildren();
+    
+    this.matcher.pop();
+  }
+}
+```
+
+### Example 2: Conditional Processing
+
+```javascript
+const matcher = new Matcher();
+const userExpr = new Expression("..user[type=admin]");
+const firstItemExpr = new Expression("..item:first");
+
+function processTag(tagName, value, attrs) {
+  matcher.push(tagName, attrs);
+  
+  if (matcher.matches(userExpr)) {
+    value = enhanceAdminUser(value);
+  }
+  
+  if (matcher.matches(firstItemExpr)) {
+    value = markAsFirst(value);
+  }
+  
+  matcher.pop();
+  return value;
+}
+```
+
+### Example 3: Path-based Filtering
+
+```javascript
+const patterns = [
+  new Expression("data.users.user"),
+  new Expression("data.posts.post"),
+  new Expression("..comment[approved=true]"),
+];
+
+function shouldInclude(matcher) {
+  return patterns.some(expr => matcher.matches(expr));
+}
+```
+
+### Example 4: Custom Separator
+
+```javascript
+const matcher = new Matcher({ separator: '/' });
+const expr = new Expression("root/config/database", { separator: '/' });
+
+matcher.push("root");
+matcher.push("config");
+matcher.push("database");
+
+console.log(matcher.toString()); // "root/config/database"
+console.log(matcher.matches(expr)); // true
+```
+
+### Example 5: Attribute Checking
+
+```javascript
+const matcher = new Matcher();
+matcher.push("root");
+matcher.push("user", { id: "123", type: "admin", status: "active" });
+
+// Check attribute existence (current node only)
+console.log(matcher.hasAttr("id"));        // true
+console.log(matcher.hasAttr("email"));     // false
+
+// Get attribute value (current node only)
+console.log(matcher.getAttrValue("type")); // "admin"
+
+// Match by attribute
+const expr1 = new Expression("user[id]");
+console.log(matcher.matches(expr1));       // true
+
+const expr2 = new Expression("user[type=admin]");
+console.log(matcher.matches(expr2));       // true
+```
+
+### Example 6: Position vs Counter
+
+```javascript
+const matcher = new Matcher();
+matcher.push("root");
+
+// Mixed tags at same level
+matcher.push("item");  // position=0, counter=0 (first item)
+matcher.pop();
+
+matcher.push("div");   // position=1, counter=0 (first div)
+matcher.pop();
+
+matcher.push("item");  // position=2, counter=1 (second item)
+
+console.log(matcher.getPosition()); // 2 (third child overall)
+console.log(matcher.getCounter());  // 1 (second "item" specifically)
+
+// :first uses counter, not position
+const expr = new Expression("root.item:first");
+console.log(matcher.matches(expr)); // false (counter=1, not 0)
+```
+
+### Example 8: Passing a Read-Only Matcher to External Consumers
+
+When passing the matcher into callbacks, plugins, or other code you don't control, use `readOnly()` to prevent accidental state corruption.
+
+```javascript
+import { Expression, Matcher } from 'path-expression-matcher';
+
+const matcher = new Matcher();
+
+const adminExpr = new Expression("..user[type=admin]");
+
+function parseTag(tagName, attrs, onTag) {
+  matcher.push(tagName, attrs);
+
+  // Pass a read-only view — consumer can inspect but not mutate
+  onTag(matcher.readOnly());
+
+  matcher.pop();
+}
+
+// Safe consumer — can only read
+function myPlugin(ro) {
+  if (ro.matches(adminExpr)) {
+    console.log("Admin at path:", ro.toString());
+    console.log("Depth:", ro.getDepth());
+    console.log("ID:", ro.getAttrValue("id"));
+  }
+}
+
+// ro.push(...) or ro.reset() here would throw TypeError,
+// so the parser's state is always safe.
+parseTag("user", { id: "1", type: "admin" }, myPlugin);
+```
+
+**Combining with `snapshot()`:** A snapshot taken via the read-only view can still be used to restore the real matcher.
+
+```javascript
+const matcher = new Matcher();
+matcher.push("root");
+matcher.push("users");
+
+const ro = matcher.readOnly();
+const snap = ro.snapshot();       // ✓ snapshot works on read-only view
+
+matcher.push("user");             // continue parsing...
+matcher.restore(snap);            // restore to "root.users" using the snapshot
+```
+
+```javascript
+const matcher = new Matcher();
+const soapExpr = new Expression("soap::Envelope.soap::Body..ns::UserId");
+
+// Parse SOAP document
+matcher.push("Envelope", { xmlns: "..." }, "soap");
+matcher.push("Body", null, "soap");
+matcher.push("GetUserRequest", null, "ns");
+matcher.push("UserId", null, "ns");
+
+// Match namespaced pattern
+if (matcher.matches(soapExpr)) {
+  console.log("Found UserId in SOAP body");
+  console.log(matcher.toString()); // "soap:Envelope.soap:Body.ns:GetUserRequest.ns:UserId"
+}
+
+// Namespace-specific counters
+matcher.reset();
+matcher.push("root");
+matcher.push("item", null, "ns1");  // ns1::item counter=0
+matcher.pop();
+matcher.push("item", null, "ns2");  // ns2::item counter=0 (different namespace)
+matcher.pop();
+matcher.push("item", null, "ns1");  // ns1::item counter=1
+
+const firstNs1Item = new Expression("root.ns1::item:first");
+console.log(matcher.matches(firstNs1Item)); // false (counter=1)
+
+const secondNs1Item = new Expression("root.ns1::item:nth(1)");
+console.log(matcher.matches(secondNs1Item)); // true
+
+// NO AMBIGUITY: Tags named after position keywords
+matcher.reset();
+matcher.push("root");
+matcher.push("first", null, "ns");  // Tag named "first" with namespace
+
+const expr = new Expression("root.ns::first");
+console.log(matcher.matches(expr)); // true - matches namespace "ns", tag "first"
+```
+
+## 🏗️ Architecture
+
+### Data Storage Strategy
+
+**Ancestor nodes:** Store only tag name, position, and counter (minimal memory)
+**Current node:** Store tag name, position, counter, and attribute values
+
+This design minimizes memory usage:
+- No attribute names stored (derived from values object when needed)
+- Attribute values only for current node, not ancestors
+- Attribute checking for ancestors is not supported (acceptable trade-off)
+- For 1M nodes with 3 attributes each, saves ~50MB vs storing attribute names
+
+### Matching Strategy
+
+Matching is performed **bottom-to-top** (from current node toward root):
+1. Start at current node
+2. Match segments from pattern end to start
+3. Attribute checking only works for current node (ancestors have no attribute data)
+4. Position selectors use **counter** (occurrence count), not position (child index)
+
+### Performance
+
+- **Expression parsing:** One-time cost when Expression is created
+- **Expression analysis:** Cached (hasDeepWildcard, hasAttributeCondition, hasPositionSelector)
+- **Path tracking:** O(1) for push/pop operations
+- **Pattern matching:** O(n*m) where n = path depth, m = pattern segments
+- **Memory per ancestor node:** ~40-60 bytes (tag, position, counter only)
+- **Memory per current node:** ~80-120 bytes (adds attribute values)
+
+## 🎓 Design Patterns
+
+### Pre-compile Patterns (Recommended)
+
+```javascript
+// ✅ GOOD: Parse once, reuse many times
+const expr = new Expression("..user[id]");
+
+for (let i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
+  if (matcher.matches(expr)) {
+    // ...
+  }
+}
+```
+
+```javascript
+// ❌ BAD: Parse on every iteration
+for (let i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
+  if (matcher.matches(new Expression("..user[id]"))) {
+    // ...
+  }
+}
+```
+
+### Batch Pattern Checking
+
+```javascript
+// For multiple patterns, check all at once
+const patterns = [
+  new Expression("..user"),
+  new Expression("..post"),
+  new Expression("..comment"),
+];
+
+function matchesAny(matcher, patterns) {
+  return patterns.some(expr => matcher.matches(expr));
+}
+```
+
+## 🔗 Integration with fast-xml-parser
+
+**Basic integration:**
+
+```javascript
+import { XMLParser } from 'fast-xml-parser';
+import { Expression, Matcher } from 'path-expression-matcher';
+
+const parser = new XMLParser({
+  // Custom options using path-expression-matcher
+  stopNodes: ["script", "style"].map(tag => new Expression(`..${tag}`)),
+  
+  tagValueProcessor: (tagName, value, jPath, hasAttrs, isLeaf, matcher) => {
+    // matcher is available in callbacks
+    if (matcher.matches(new Expression("..user[type=admin]"))) {
+      return enhanceValue(value);
+    }
+    return value;
+  }
+});
+```
+
+## 📄 License
+
+MIT
+
+## 🤝 Contributing
+
+Issues and PRs welcome! This package is designed to be used by XML/JSON parsers like fast-xml-parser.